TypeScript 5.x requires Node ≥ 14.17.0; Node.js 22 satisfies this comfortably. TypeScript 5 introduced Stage 3 decorators, `const` type parameters, `--verbatimModuleSyntax`, and 10–20% faster compile times. Run TypeScript directly with `npx tsx src/index.ts` or compile with `npx tsc`. Use `"target": "ES2023"` in tsconfig for maximum Node 22 capability.